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State comparison tool
State Tax Burden Data Explorer
Compare a consistent household's estimated total tax burden across U.S. states and the District of Columbia, including income, payroll, sales, renter property, fuel, and local taxes where modeled.
Updated · No credentialed tax review is claimed.
Direct answer
A state with no broad income tax is not automatically lower-tax for every household. This explorer holds one household's income, rent, taxable spending, and fuel use constant, then shows how the model's state and local tax components change. It is an input-sensitive comparison, not a state ranking or a moving recommendation.
One household, every state
Single W-2 filer earning $100,000, renter paying $1,800 per month, $30,000 taxable spending, 500 gallons of fuel, a $5,000 average exposed money balance, no dependents, no vehicle fee, no actual-tax overrides, and no employer-side payroll toggle.
| State | State income | Local income | Sales tax | Renter property estimate | Fuel tax | Inflation tax | Total burden | TrueTaxRate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska (AK) | $0 | $0 | $546 | $2,132 | $137 | $128 | $24,207 | 24.2% |
| Wyoming (WY) | $0 | $0 | $1,632 | $1,442 | $212 | $128 | $24,679 | 24.7% |
| Nevada (NV) | $0 | $0 | $2,469 | $1,588 | $211 | $128 | $25,660 | 25.7% |
| South Dakota (SD) | $0 | $0 | $1,830 | $2,268 | $242 | $128 | $25,732 | 25.7% |
| Florida (FL) | $0 | $0 | $2,100 | $2,005 | $289 | $128 | $25,786 | 25.8% |
| Tennessee (TN) | $0 | $0 | $2,865 | $1,337 | $229 | $128 | $25,823 | 25.8% |
| New Hampshire (NH) | $0 | $0 | $0 | $4,536 | $211 | $128 | $26,139 | 26.1% |
| North Dakota (ND) | $1,031 | $0 | $2,112 | $1,947 | $207 | $128 | $26,689 | 26.7% |
| Texas (TX) | $0 | $0 | $2,460 | $2,964 | $192 | $128 | $27,008 | 27.0% |
| Washington (WA) | $0 | $0 | $2,814 | $2,608 | $387 | $128 | $27,202 | 27.2% |
| Arizona (AZ) | $2,135 | $0 | $2,520 | $1,452 | $187 | $128 | $27,686 | 27.7% |
| Ohio (OH) | $1,968 | $0 | $2,172 | $2,468 | $285 | $128 | $28,284 | 28.3% |
| Indiana (IN) | $2,970 | $0 | $2,100 | $1,494 | $365 | $128 | $28,321 | 28.3% |
| Delaware (DE) | $5,369 | $0 | $0 | $1,470 | $207 | $128 | $28,438 | 28.4% |
| Montana (MT) | $4,762 | $0 | $0 | $2,029 | $261 | $128 | $28,444 | 28.4% |
| Mississippi (MS) | $3,595 | $0 | $2,121 | $1,140 | $199 | $128 | $28,447 | 28.4% |
| Louisiana (LA) | $2,625 | $0 | $3,168 | $1,081 | $197 | $128 | $28,463 | 28.5% |
| West Virginia (WV) | $4,129 | $0 | $1,971 | $925 | $270 | $128 | $28,688 | 28.7% |
| Kentucky (KY) | $3,869 | $0 | $1,800 | $1,566 | $224 | $128 | $28,852 | 28.9% |
| Arkansas (AR) | $3,501 | $0 | $2,841 | $1,101 | $217 | $128 | $29,052 | 29.1% |
| North Carolina (NC) | $3,708 | $0 | $2,085 | $1,796 | $295 | $128 | $29,276 | 29.3% |
| New Mexico (NM) | $3,953 | $0 | $2,309 | $1,619 | $186 | $128 | $29,459 | 29.5% |
| Iowa (IA) | $3,230 | $0 | $2,082 | $2,614 | $242 | $128 | $29,560 | 29.6% |
| Pennsylvania (PA) | $3,070 | $0 | $1,902 | $2,858 | $385 | $128 | $29,607 | 29.6% |
| Utah (UT) | $4,550 | $0 | $1,812 | $1,597 | $288 | $128 | $29,639 | 29.6% |
| Idaho (ID) | $4,505 | $0 | $1,884 | $1,663 | $257 | $128 | $29,701 | 29.7% |
| South Carolina (SC) | $4,612 | $0 | $2,238 | $1,259 | $236 | $128 | $29,737 | 29.7% |
| Missouri (MO) | $3,819 | $0 | $2,555 | $1,884 | $242 | $128 | $29,892 | 29.9% |
| Alabama (AL) | $4,735 | $0 | $2,787 | $783 | $247 | $128 | $29,944 | 29.9% |
| Colorado (CO) | $4,400 | $0 | $2,343 | $1,663 | $238 | $128 | $30,036 | 30.0% |
| Michigan (MI) | $4,004 | $0 | $1,800 | $2,519 | $333 | $128 | $30,048 | 30.0% |
| Oklahoma (OK) | $4,260 | $0 | $2,700 | $1,553 | $192 | $128 | $30,097 | 30.1% |
| Rhode Island (RI) | $3,450 | $0 | $2,100 | $3,218 | $298 | $128 | $30,457 | 30.5% |
| Wisconsin (WI) | $4,202 | $0 | $1,632 | $2,994 | $257 | $128 | $30,477 | 30.5% |
| Virginia (VA) | $5,004 | $0 | $1,728 | $2,123 | $300 | $128 | $30,547 | 30.5% |
| Maryland (MD) | $4,569 | $0 | $1,800 | $2,504 | $323 | $128 | $30,588 | 30.6% |
| Georgia (GA) | $4,743 | $0 | $2,214 | $2,031 | $261 | $128 | $30,641 | 30.6% |
| Nebraska (NE) | $4,288 | $0 | $2,091 | $3,048 | $256 | $128 | $31,075 | 31.1% |
| District of Columbia (DC) | $5,625 | $0 | $1,800 | $2,177 | $268 | $128 | $31,263 | 31.3% |
| Hawaii (HI) | $7,141 | $0 | $1,350 | $1,315 | $185 | $128 | $31,383 | 31.4% |
| Connecticut (CT) | $3,925 | $0 | $1,905 | $3,958 | $217 | $128 | $31,398 | 31.4% |
| Massachusetts (MA) | $4,780 | $0 | $1,875 | $3,326 | $229 | $128 | $31,603 | 31.6% |
| Maine (ME) | $5,569 | $0 | $1,650 | $2,815 | $249 | $128 | $31,676 | 31.7% |
| Minnesota (MN) | $5,308 | $0 | $2,255 | $2,570 | $252 | $128 | $31,776 | 31.8% |
| Kansas (KS) | $5,291 | $0 | $2,619 | $2,378 | $217 | $128 | $31,898 | 31.9% |
| Vermont (VT) | $4,558 | $0 | $1,908 | $4,338 | $249 | $128 | $32,445 | 32.4% |
| Oregon (OR) | $8,201 | $0 | $0 | $2,694 | $292 | $128 | $32,579 | 32.6% |
| California (CA) | $5,327 | $0 | $2,664 | $2,964 | $447 | $128 | $32,793 | 32.8% |
| New Jersey (NJ) | $4,180 | $0 | $1,979 | $5,401 | $317 | $128 | $33,268 | 33.3% |
| Illinois (IL) | $4,813 | $0 | $2,667 | $3,980 | $424 | $128 | $33,275 | 33.3% |
| New York (NY) | $4,952 | $0 | $2,559 | $4,324 | $216 | $128 | $33,444 | 33.4% |
Sources for this table: IRS Revenue Procedure 2024-40; Social Security Administration contribution and benefit base; Tax Foundation: 2025 state individual income-tax rates and brackets; Census 2025 Geographic Reference and residential address-count files; HUD-USPS ZIP Code Crosswalk Files; Official 2025 local income-tax rules; Tax Foundation: state and local sales-tax rates, midyear 2025; Tax Foundation: property taxes by state and county, 2024 ACS data; Zillow Research housing data; Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia Working Paper 25-41; Tax Foundation: state gas-tax rates, July 2025; Bureau of Labor Statistics: purchasing power and constant dollars; International Monetary Fund: Fiscal Accounting and Analysis. Each row uses the same household inputs. Renter property estimates use 2025 Zillow ratios, 2024 ACS effective rates, and a 70% pass-through midpoint; ZIP-level results can differ.
How to use the table
Use this table to identify which components deserve a closer look for your own household. The same salary can produce different outcomes when state income tax, sales tax, local income tax, fuel tax, and property-tax exposure change.
Do not treat the sorted total as a generic “best state” list. A homeowner, a high spender, a person with capital gains, or a worker with local taxes may get a different result.
Methodology and limits
Federal income and payroll inputs use 2025 federal data. State/local income, sales, renter property, and fuel components are estimates with data refreshes that do not happen on the same schedule. ZIP-specific results can differ from this state-level scenario.
The explorer intentionally has one URL and one comparable model. It does not create automated state or city landing pages.
Read data coverage and limitationsModel your own household
Enter your real income mix, actual property tax, spending, fuel use, and state. The calculator is more useful for a personal comparison than a uniform research scenario.
Open the calculatorPrimary sources
- IRS Revenue Procedure 2024-40 — Official 2025 federal brackets, standard deduction, credits, and other indexed amounts.
- Social Security Administration contribution and benefit base — Official 2025 Social Security wage base; statutory Social Security and Medicare rates are applied separately.
- Tax Foundation: 2025 state individual income-tax rates and brackets — State-by-state 2025 rate, bracket, deduction, and exemption reference compiled from state statutes, forms, and instructions.
- Census 2025 Geographic Reference and residential address-count files — Block-level residential address counts joined to county, place, county-subdivision, ZCTA, and school-district identifiers for reviewed local-tax ZIP profiles.
- HUD-USPS ZIP Code Crosswalk Files — Residential ZIP-to-county ratios are used as a validation layer because postal ZIP routes can cross jurisdiction and state boundaries.
- Official 2025 local income-tax rules — Jurisdiction-specific municipal, county, school-district, and special-district formulas are pinned by tax year; each result component links its controlling official source.
- Tax Foundation: state and local sales-tax rates, midyear 2025 — Population-weighted state and average local rates as of July 1, 2025; ZIP-specific rates can differ.
- Tax Foundation: property taxes by state and county, 2024 ACS data — Effective owner-occupied property-tax rates calculated from Census ACS tables B25082 and B25090; 2024 is the latest complete observed year used here.
- Zillow Research housing data — 2025 state ZHVI and ZORI observations used to construct rounded state price-to-rent ratios.
- Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia Working Paper 25-41 — Berkeley new-tenant evidence estimates $0.50-$0.89 of rent response per $1 property-tax shock; TrueTaxRate uses a 70% midpoint and labels the national extrapolation low confidence.
- Tax Foundation: state gas-tax rates, July 2025 — Exact state rates used by the calculator, compiled from EIA and state statutes. The table excludes some local taxes, gross-receipts taxes, and environmental-program price effects.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics: purchasing power and constant dollars — Primary methodology for converting annual-average CPI-U values into the purchasing power retained by one dollar.
- International Monetary Fund: Fiscal Accounting and Analysis — Defines the conventional inflation-tax component as the inflation rate multiplied by the stock of real cash balances held by the public.